1.SAS process includes different processes. In this paper, precipitation by acompressed antisolvent (PCA) process and solution enhanced dispersion bysupercritical fluids (SEDS) are studied. In four models with different nozzle structure,the influences of solvent flux, density of carbon dioxide, size of nozzle and thelength-to-diameter ratio on the hydrodynamics properties of SAS process are studiedby means of the turbulent intensity and volume faction distribution of solvent.
SAS方法的实施有多种不同的过程安排和装置,本文对抗溶剂压缩沉淀过程(Precipitation by a Compressed Antisolvent, PCA)和超临界流体提高溶液分散过程(Solution Enhanced Dispersion by Supercritical Fluids, SEDS)进行了研究,并根据喷嘴结构的不同建立了四个不同的模型,通过湍流强度和溶剂分布研究了溶液流量、二氧化碳密度、喷嘴内径尺寸和微粒化设备长径比对SAS过程流体力学特性的影响。
2.The annual precipitation has a fluctuation change trend, the precipitation increases obviously in winter, the summer precipitation and the annual precipitation increase slowly, in each age the maximum precipitation in winter, summer, autumn and the maximum annual precipitation all appear at the beginning of 21st century in which the air temperature is warmer, the climate has a change trend from dry and warm to wet and warm.
年降水呈波动式变化趋势，冬季降水增加明显，夏季和年降水增加缓慢，各年代中冬季、夏季、秋季和年最多降水均出现在气温偏暖的21世纪初，气候有从暖干向暖湿转变的趋势。
3.Based on the monitoring data of precipitation from 1996 to 2000 in the acid precipitation control area of Fujian province,the paper describes the polluting characteristics of acid precipitation in acid precipitation control area and analyses the formation cause of acid precipitation from some aspects of environmental air quality,the source of causing acid,weather factors and the effect of periphery area. And the result shows that the formation of acid precipitation not only connects with the effect of local area but also connects with the periphery area
以福建省酸雨控制区 1996年— 2 0 0 0年降水监测数据为基础 ,描述了酸雨控制区酸雨污染的特征 ,并从环境空气质量、致酸源、气象因素及外围区域的影响等诸方面分析了酸雨形成的原因 ,认为本省酸雨形成不仅与局地源的影响有关 ,还与外来源有很大关系
4.This paper firstly applied sequential cluster method to set up the classification standard of precipitation state based on the fact that there are much uncertainty and imprecise characteristics in the precipitation course; then this paper presented a method which is called Markov chain with weights to predicted the future precipitation state by regarding the standardized self-coefficients as weights based on the special characteristics of precipitation being a dependent stochastic variable; and applied this method to a real hydrological observation station with nearly 50 years precipitation information in Shanxi Province at last, an ideal result was obtained.
摘要首先基于降水过程存在大量不确定性、不精确性的特点，应用有序聚类的方法建立降水丰枯状况的分级标准；然后针对降水量为相依随机变量的特点，采取以规范化的各阶自相关系数为权重，用加权的马尔可夫链模型来预测未来降水的丰枯变化状况；最后以山西省某水文站近50年的降水资料为实例对该方法进行了具体的应用，获得了较为满意的结果。
5.This paper comprehensively analyzed the global land precipitation dataset (G55wld0098) updated by Dr. Mike Hulme latestly and found that this dataset is accurate enough for describing the change of large scale precipitation. We also interpolate the data of precipitation records in global land(PREC/L) to replace the lack records of G55wld0098,and then get the 1920-2000 global precipitation field without lacking records.
本文对Mike Hulme博士的G55wld0098全球陆地降水资料进行了全面的分析，指出该资料有非常好的精度，并且利用PREC／L插值资料将Hulme的资料插补为完整的1920-2000年全球陆地降水资料场。
6.Abstract: According to the base flow separation results from hydrographs in many watershed,the best regression equation expressing the relationship between annual precipitation infiltration coefficient and the weight of different strata area to total area of the watershed is established.The equation can be used to calculate the precipitation infiltration recharge for different ground water basins in which the strata distribution and the precipitation are given.The precipitation recharge is equivalent to the ground water recharge in some mountainous area where the exploitation of ground water resources are far from being sufficient.
文摘:降水入渗补给系数与地层相关分析的目的，是为推求山丘区降水入渗补给量.鲁中山丘区是由各种不同地层出露组成的山丘区域.在多个水文流域基流分割基础上，建立流域年均降水入渗补给系数与各种地层出露面积占流域总面积权重间的最佳回归方程，利用该回归方程和地层分布及降水量推算不同地下水流域的降水入渗补给量.在地下水开发利用不高的山丘区，降水入渗补给量即为地下水补给量.
7.After the EOF decomposition of precipitation in after flood season on Guangxi, precipitation is classified in space by using the first 6 characteristic vectors and the precipitation field is turned to digital time serial according to the symbols and numbers of the corresponding time coefficient. Then select the factors and predict the digital time serial of the precipitation field by using serial correlated similitude method. The forecast results during 1998 ~ 2001 proves its good effect in actual operation.
将广西后汛期降水进行 EOF分解后 ,利用前六个特征向量进行空间分型 ,并根据对应时间系数的符号及大小将降水场转化为数字化时间序列 ,再运用序相关相似方法进行因子的选取及降水场数字化时间序列的预测 ,1998- 2 0 0 1年的预报结果表明 ,效果较好
8.By surveying the sample plot ,the relations between the stabil ity of the mountai n slope of soil preparation for planting by using explosion and other factors s uch as precipitation,terrain，were studied.By using the method of Quantitative T heory I,the interrelation between the damaged degrees of soil preparation progra ms by using explosion in low mountain area with abundant precipitation and terrain factors was systematically analysed,and the mathematical models relate d were developed.The results show that the precipitation in early days and the m aximum precipitation per day are the primary factors causing the soil prepara tion program damaged.The main terrain factors of the mountain slope that affect the program stability are according to their importance ,slope ,position and dir ection.The suitable mountain slope for soil preparation by using explosion is th e slope of less than 25°.
通过典型标准样地调查资料，探讨了造林爆破整地工程的坡地稳定性与降水、地形等因子的相互关系，应用数量化理论Ⅰ，对在有充分降水条件下的低山丘陵区的爆破整地工程损失程度与地形因子之间的关系进行了系统分析，并建立了相应的数学模型，研究指出，充分的前期降水和日最大降雨量是引起爆破整地工程损失的激发因素；影响爆破整地工程稳定性的主要地形因子是地面坡度，其次为坡位、坡向，实施爆破整地工程的地面坡度以不超过25°为宜。
9.The result shows: In this period, area of acid precipitation is 100, 000 km~2, area of heavy acid precipitation is 32, 000 km~2; acid precipitation area is forecast to surpass 150, 000 km~2 in 2000, area of heavy acid precipitation is up to 60, 000 km~2.
结果表明:在现阶段,盆地内降水酸化面积达到10万km~2,重酸化区为3.2万km~2,预计到2000年时,降水酸化区将超过15万km~2,重酸化区也将达6万km~2以上。
10.Based on the daily precipitation data of flood season(Mar to September) in 1960-2004 from 125 stations in Northwest China,we firstly determined the extreme precipitation threshold values for every station,then counted the extreme precipitation event frequency in flood season and analyzed their temporal and spatial characteristics.
利用中国西北五省(区)1960—2004年125个台站汛期(5—9月)逐日降水资料,首先定义了不同台站的极端降水阈值,然后统计出了不同台站近45a逐年汛期发生极端降水事件的发生频次,并进行了时空分布特征分析,结果表明:中国西北汛期极端降水事件发生频次同降水量的空间分布有很大的差异;
