1.By using Comprehensive Land Surface Model (CLSM), three snow cases, i.e., France Col de Porte 1993/1994, 1994/1995 and BOREAS SSA-OJP 1994/1995, are simulated. The simulated results were compared with the observations to examine the capability of the model to describe the evolutions of snow cover under two different land cover conditions. Several sensitivity experiments were performed to investigate the effects of some snow cover internal processes parameterizations and vegetation on the model results.
文中利用综合陆面模式 (ComprehensiveLandSurfaceModel,CLSM )对法国ColdePorte 1 993/ 1 994 ,1 994 / 1 995年及BOREASSSA OJP 1 994 / 1 995年积雪个例进行了模拟试验 ,通过模拟结果与观测资料的对比 ,检验了CLSM对积雪变化特征的模拟能力 ,并通过敏感性试验探讨了降雪密度、积雪持水量等积雪参数化方案及植被对积雪模拟可能产生的影响。
2.Five compounds were isolated from the alcoholic extract of Centella asiatic , they are β sitosterol, daucosterol, asiatic acid, vanillic acid and asiaticoside. The occurance of daucosterol and vanillic acid in this species was reported for the first time.
从伞形科植物积雪草 Centella asiatica( L.) U rb中分离并鉴定了 5个化合物 ,它们是 :β-谷甾醇 ( β-sitosterol,1) ,胡萝卜甙 ( daucosterol,2 ) ,积雪草酸 ( asiatic acid,3) ,香草酸 ( vanillic acid,4 )和积雪草甙( asiaticoside,5) ,其中化合物 2 ,4为首次从积雪草中分得
3.Roughness of the snow. The range is 0 (very smooth snow) to 1 (very rough snow). The default is 0.4.
积雪的粗糙度.范围从0(很平滑的积雪)到1(很粗糙的积雪).缺省值是0.4.
4.2) Field-data measurement of the reflected spectrum of snow with ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices) and snow depth data and GPS data, collection of MODIS data between 2004, 12 and 2005, 3 and its auxiliary snow depth data from the observatory and field measured;
使用型号为FieldSpec Pro FR的ASD(Analytical Spectral Devices)全波段野外光谱仪进行积雪反射光谱数据的采集并且同步测定样区积雪深度和GPS数据; 收集2004年12月至2005年3月期间的MODIS 1B数据,同时,收集同期气象台地面积雪深度观测记录;
5.This paper introduces the basic principle of NOAA satellite data monitoring snow cover and sums up its methods used in China， and based on which an improved way is put up.
概述了NOAA气象卫星积雪遥感监测的基本原理和国内几种积雪遥感监测的方法，较详细地介绍了积雪监测方法。
6.Abstract: This paper introduces the basic principle of NOAA satellite data monitoring snow cover and sums up its methods used in China， and based on which an improved way is put up.
文摘:概述了NOAA气象卫星积雪遥感监测的基本原理和国内几种积雪遥感监测的方法，较详细地介绍了积雪监测方法。
7.A National Guard engineering unit is helping remove snow in Oswego County where lake-effect snow showers have dumped up to 12 feet of snow already this month.
国民警卫工程队正在实施排除奥斯威戈县的积雪，该地方在这个月的强暴雪已使积雪达到12英尺。
8.Based on measured albedo data of dry snow cover in field,the numerical range of spectralalbedo in band 0.38- 3.2,0.38-0,7 and 0,7-3,2 is given.
据积雪反照率实测资料,分析了本区干积雪在0.38——0.7μ,0.7——3.2μ及0.38——3.2μ三个波段的光谱反照率的数值范围,讨论了太阳高度角、云及雪面污化等因素影响下的变化规律。
9.RESULTS:The average recovery of assiaticoside,madecassoside,madecassic acid and asiatic acid is 97.62%(RSD=1.95%,n=5),98.96%(RSD=2.01%,n=5),101.89%(RSD=1.54%,n=5) and 101.28%(RSD=1.38,n=5),respectively.
羟基积雪草酸 10 1.89? (RSD=1.5 4? ,n=5 ) ; 积雪草酸 10 1.2 8? (RSD=1.38? ,n=5 )。
10.The daily observation data of weather stations, Xinchang, Zhejiang (from December 30, 2004 to January 2, 2005 and from March 12, 2005 to March 13, 2005) has been used in the validation of the model. Results showed that from sundown to sunrise, the snow surface temperature forecast value and the actual value error was less than 1.5℃;
应用浙江省新昌县气象站2004年12月30日19时到2005年1月2日20时、2005年3月12日19时到3月13日10时逐时的各气象要素资料进行模拟分析,并与该时段内所测得的积雪表面温度和深度进行对比,发现日落后到日出前积雪表面温度预测值和实测值误差在1.5℃以内;
